## An overview of commonly used math symbols in LaTeX

Since LaTeX offers a large amount of features, it’s hard to lớn remember all commands. Even though commands follow a logical naming scheme, you will probably need a table for the most common math symbols at some point. I don’t want to provide a complete các mục of LaTeX symbols on this website. The ctan already provides a huge menu with currently 5913 symbols, which you can tải về here

. Instead I’m trying khổng lồ limit this danh sách to the most common math symbols & commands. If you think I forgot some very important basic function or symbol here, please let me know.

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## List of common (LaTeX) math symbols

### Trigonometric functions

The symbols for trigonometric functions have a very straightforward naming scheme. Just precede the common abbreviations with a backslash & put your variables in braces.

NameSymbolCommand
Sine(sin x)sin x
Cosine(cos x)cos x
Tangent( an x ) an x
Cotangent(cot x)cot x
Secant(sec x)sec x
Cosecant(csc x)csc x

### Integrals

LaTeX offers math symbols for various kinds of integrals out of the box. Cảnh báo that you can set the integral boundaries by using the underscore _ và circumflex ^ symbol as seen below.

NameSymbolCommand
Indefinite integral(int f(x) dx)int f(x) dx
Definite integral(int_a^b f(x) x)int_a^b f(x) x
Domain integral(int_D f(x) dx)int_D f(x) dx
Double integral(iint f(x,y) dx dy)iint f(x,y) dx dy
Triple integral(iiint f(x,y,z) dx dy dz)iiint f(x,y,z) dx dy dz
Closed curve integral(oint_C F ds)oint_C F ds

### Matrices

Of course LaTeX is able to lớn typeset matrices as well. For this purpose LaTeX offers the following environments. Columns are separated with ampersand và and rows with a double backslash \ (the linebreak command). Make sure that the number of ampersands is the same for every row.

NameSymbolCommand
Matrix(eginmatrix1&0\1&0endmatrix)

eginmatrix1&0\

1&0endmatrix

bMatrix(eginbmatrix1&0\1&0endbmatrix)

eginbmatrix1&0\

1&0endbmatrix

pMatrix(eginpmatrix1&0\1&0endpmatrix)

eginpmatrix1&0\

1&0endpmatrix

vMatrix(eginvmatrix1&0\1&0endvmatrix)

eginvmatrix1&0\

1&0endvmatrix

Determinant(deteginvmatrix1&0\1&0endvmatrix)

deteginvmatrix1&0\

1&0endvmatrix

If you want lớn typeset very large matrices, the following commands can become in handy as well.

### Dots

The most common dot symbols used in math notation are available in LaTeX as well.

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NameSymbolCommand
Middot / Centered dot(cdot)cdot
Horizontal Dots / Centered dots(cdots)cdots
Vertical Dots(vdots)vdots

Diagonal Dots

(ddots)ddots

Lower Dots

(ldots)

ldots

Example: (eginbmatrix1 và 0 & cdots & 0\1 & 0 & cdots & 0\vdots và vdots & ddots & vdots \1 & 0 & 0 và 0endbmatrix)

eginbmatrix

1 & 0 & cdots và 0\

1 & 0 & cdots & 0\

vdots và vdots và ddots & vdots \

1 & 0 & 0 & 0

endbmatrix

### Miscellaneous functions

Here are some more basic functions which don’t fit in the categories mentioned above.

NameSymbolCommand
Logarithmic Function / Logarithm(logx)logx
Logarithm (base a)(log_ab)log_ab
Square root function / Square root(sqrtx)sqrtx}
n-th root function / n-th root(sqrtx)sqrtx
Rational function / Fraction(fracu(x)v(x))fracu(x)v(x)