An overview of commonly used math symbols in LaTeX
Since LaTeX offers a large amount of features, it’s hard to lớn remember all commands. Even though commands follow a logical naming scheme, you will probably need a table for the most common math symbols at some point. I don’t want to provide a complete các mục of LaTeX symbols on this website. The ctan already provides a huge menu with currently 5913 symbols, which you can tải về here
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List of common (LaTeX) math symbols
Trigonometric functions
The symbols for trigonometric functions have a very straightforward naming scheme. Just precede the common abbreviations with a backslash & put your variables in braces.
| Sine | (sin x) | sin x |
| Cosine | (cos x) | cos x |
| Tangent | ( an x ) | an x |
| Cotangent | (cot x) | cot x |
| Secant | (sec x) | sec x |
| Cosecant | (csc x) | csc x |
Integrals
LaTeX offers math symbols for various kinds of integrals out of the box. Cảnh báo that you can set the integral boundaries by using the underscore _ và circumflex ^ symbol as seen below.
| Indefinite integral | (int f(x) dx) | int f(x) dx |
| Definite integral | (int_a^b f(x) x) | int_a^b f(x) x |
| Domain integral | (int_D f(x) dx) | int_D f(x) dx |
| Double integral | (iint f(x,y) dx dy) | iint f(x,y) dx dy |
| Triple integral | (iiint f(x,y,z) dx dy dz) | iiint f(x,y,z) dx dy dz |
| Closed curve integral | (oint_C F ds) | oint_C F ds |
Matrices
Of course LaTeX is able to lớn typeset matrices as well. For this purpose LaTeX offers the following environments. Columns are separated with ampersand và and rows with a double backslash \ (the linebreak command). Make sure that the number of ampersands is the same for every row.
| Matrix | (eginmatrix1&0\1&0endmatrix) | eginmatrix1&0\ 1&0endmatrix |
| bMatrix | (eginbmatrix1&0\1&0endbmatrix) | eginbmatrix1&0\ 1&0endbmatrix |
| pMatrix | (eginpmatrix1&0\1&0endpmatrix) | eginpmatrix1&0\ 1&0endpmatrix |
| vMatrix | (eginvmatrix1&0\1&0endvmatrix) | eginvmatrix1&0\ 1&0endvmatrix |
| Determinant | (deteginvmatrix1&0\1&0endvmatrix) | deteginvmatrix1&0\ 1&0endvmatrix |
If you want lớn typeset very large matrices, the following commands can become in handy as well.
Dots
The most common dot symbols used in math notation are available in LaTeX as well.
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| Middot / Centered dot | (cdot) | cdot |
| Horizontal Dots / Centered dots | (cdots) | cdots |
| Vertical Dots | (vdots) | vdots |
Diagonal Dots | (ddots) | ddots |
Lower Dots | (ldots) | ldots |
Example: (eginbmatrix1 và 0 & cdots & 0\1 & 0 & cdots & 0\vdots và vdots & ddots & vdots \1 & 0 & 0 và 0endbmatrix) | eginbmatrix 1 & 0 & cdots và 0\ 1 & 0 & cdots & 0\ vdots và vdots và ddots & vdots \ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 endbmatrix |
Miscellaneous functions
Here are some more basic functions which don’t fit in the categories mentioned above.
| Logarithmic Function / Logarithm | (logx) | logx |
| Logarithm (base a) | (log_ab) | log_ab |
| Square root function / Square root | (sqrtx) | sqrtx} |
| n-th root function / n-th root | (sqrt | sqrt |
| Rational function / Fraction | (fracu(x)v(x)) | fracu(x)v(x) |